Wide receiver routes are the backbone of any successful passing offense in football. These pre-determined paths that receivers run are designed to create separation from defenders, allowing quarterbacks to deliver accurate passes. Whether you're a seasoned player, a coach looking to refine your playbook, or a football enthusiast seeking a deeper understanding of the game, knowing the nuances of various routes is essential. This guide provides an in-depth look at common wide receiver routes, their variations, and how they contribute to a team's offensive strategy.
Understanding Basic Wide Receiver Routes
At the heart of every passing play lies a set of fundamental routes. These routes serve as building blocks, and understanding them is critical for any receiver. These routes are not just about running in a straight line; they involve technique, timing, and an understanding of defensive schemes.
The Go Route (or Fly Route)
The go route, also known as the fly route, is perhaps the simplest and most aggressive route in football. The primary purpose of the go route is to stretch the defense vertically, forcing defensive backs to respect the deep threat. This creates more space underneath for shorter, quicker routes. The receiver sprints straight downfield, aiming to outrun the defender or create a favorable one-on-one situation for a deep pass. Elite speed is a major asset for wide receivers running the go route. Executing the go route effectively requires more than just speed; receivers must also master techniques like tracking the ball in the air and high-pointing the catch, which involves leaping above the defender to secure the reception. The psychological impact of a well-executed go route can also be significant, as it can force defenses to play more conservatively, opening up opportunities for the running game and short passing plays.
The Slant Route
The slant route is a quick, short route where the receiver takes a few steps upfield and then cuts sharply inside at a 45-degree angle. Its effectiveness of the slant route relies on its speed and ability to exploit soft spots in the defense. Quarterbacks often look to the slant route as a reliable option against man coverage or when needing a quick completion to gain a few yards. For receivers, the slant route demands sharp cuts and strong hands to secure the catch in traffic. Timing is crucial; the receiver and quarterback must be in sync to ensure the pass arrives just as the receiver makes his cut. The slant route is a staple in many offenses because of its versatility; it can be used in a variety of situations, including short-yardage situations, goal-line plays, and as a quick read for the quarterback when facing pressure. Furthermore, the threat of the slant can also influence defensive positioning, creating opportunities for other routes to develop downfield. — 2012 NFL Defensive Player Of The Year: J.J. Watt's Dominance
The Out Route
The out route involves the receiver running a certain number of yards downfield before making a sharp 90-degree cut towards the sideline. This route is designed to create separation from the defender by moving horizontally away from the middle of the field. The out route is particularly effective against zone coverage, where the receiver can find a soft spot between defenders. Precision is key when running the out route; the receiver must make a clean, decisive cut to create separation and provide the quarterback with a clear target. Quarterbacks often use the out route as a safe option when facing pressure or when they need to make a quick, accurate throw. The effectiveness of the out route also depends on the receiver's ability to sell the route, making it look like a potential vertical threat before breaking to the outside. This can freeze the defender, creating even more separation and increasing the chances of a successful completion.
The In Route
The in route is the opposite of the out route, with the receiver running a certain number of yards downfield before making a sharp 90-degree cut towards the middle of the field. This route targets the area between the linebackers and the safeties, often referred to as the intermediate zone. The in route is effective against both man and zone coverage, as it allows the receiver to exploit the gaps in the defense. Receivers running the in route need to be aware of their surroundings and be prepared to make a catch in traffic. They must also be able to adjust their route based on the defensive coverage, finding the open space and providing the quarterback with a clear target. Quarterbacks often use the in route as a reliable option when they need to move the chains or when they see an opening in the middle of the field. The timing between the receiver and quarterback is crucial, as the pass must arrive just as the receiver makes his cut to avoid interceptions.
The Curl Route
The curl route involves the receiver running a certain number of yards downfield before stopping abruptly and turning back towards the quarterback. The primary goal of the curl route is to create separation by stopping suddenly, causing the defender to overrun the play. This route is effective against both man and zone coverage, as it allows the receiver to find an open space to make the catch. For receivers, the curl route requires precise timing and the ability to quickly change direction. They must also be able to use their body to shield the defender and create a clear target for the quarterback. Quarterbacks often look to the curl route as a reliable option when they need a short, accurate completion. The effectiveness of the curl route also depends on the receiver's ability to sell the route, making it look like a potential vertical threat before stopping and turning back. This can freeze the defender, creating even more separation and increasing the chances of a successful completion.
Intermediate and Advanced Routes
Beyond the basics, a receiver's arsenal includes a range of intermediate and advanced routes. These routes require more nuanced techniques and a deeper understanding of defensive schemes, but they can also lead to significant gains and game-changing plays.
The Comeback Route
The comeback route is similar to the curl route but is typically run deeper downfield, usually around 12-15 yards. The route involves the receiver running vertically before planting their foot and coming back towards the quarterback at a sharp angle. The comeback route is effective against aggressive cornerbacks who are playing tight coverage, as it allows the receiver to create separation by changing direction quickly. For receivers to successfully run a comeback route, the receiver must be quick and agile, with the ability to stop and change direction without losing speed. Quarterbacks often use the comeback route as a check-down option when the deeper routes are covered or when they need to make a quick, accurate throw. The success of the comeback route also depends on the receiver's ability to sell the route, making it look like a potential vertical threat before coming back towards the quarterback. This can freeze the defender, creating more separation and increasing the chances of a successful completion.
The Dig Route (or Square In Route)
The dig route, also known as the square in route, involves the receiver running a vertical route before making a sharp 90-degree cut inside towards the middle of the field. Typically, the dig route is run at a depth of 10-15 yards. The dig route is effective against zone coverage, where the receiver can find a soft spot between the linebackers and safeties. When running the dig route, the receiver must be quick and precise, with the ability to make a sharp cut without losing speed. Quarterbacks often use the dig route as a reliable option when they need to move the chains or when they see an opening in the middle of the field. The timing between the receiver and quarterback is crucial, as the pass must arrive just as the receiver makes his cut to avoid interceptions. The dig route is a staple in many offenses because of its versatility; it can be used in a variety of situations and can be run from different formations.
The Post Route
The post route involves the receiver running a vertical route before cutting diagonally towards the goalposts. The primary goal of the post route is to attack the deep middle of the field, putting pressure on the safeties. The post route is particularly effective against single-high safety coverage, where the receiver can exploit the open space in the middle of the field. For a receiver running the post route, the receiver must have good speed and agility, with the ability to beat the defender and make a clean catch in traffic. Quarterbacks often use the post route as a big-play option when they need to score quickly or when they see a favorable matchup. The success of the post route also depends on the receiver's ability to sell the route, making it look like a potential go route before cutting towards the goalposts. This can freeze the defender and create more separation, increasing the chances of a successful completion.
The Corner Route
The corner route involves the receiver running a vertical route before cutting diagonally towards the sideline, typically at a depth of 10-15 yards. The main purpose of the corner route is to attack the deep outside part of the field, putting pressure on the cornerbacks and safeties. The corner route is effective against both man and zone coverage, as it allows the receiver to find open space and make a play. When running the corner route, the receiver must be quick and agile, with the ability to beat the defender and make a clean catch in the air. Quarterbacks often use the corner route as a big-play option when they need to score quickly or when they see a favorable matchup. The success of the corner route also depends on the receiver's ability to sell the route, making it look like a potential go route before cutting towards the sideline. This can freeze the defender and create more separation, increasing the chances of a successful completion.
The Wheel Route
The wheel route is a more complex route that involves the receiver running a short flat route towards the sideline before turning upfield and running a vertical route down the sideline. The wheel route is designed to exploit mismatches and create confusion for the defense. It is particularly effective against linebackers or safeties who are not used to covering receivers in space. Receivers who run the wheel route must have good speed and agility, with the ability to make quick cuts and adjustments. Quarterbacks often use the wheel route as a surprise element in their passing game, catching the defense off guard and creating a big-play opportunity. The success of the wheel route also depends on the receiver's ability to sell the initial flat route, making it look like a potential screen pass before turning upfield. This can freeze the defender and create more separation, increasing the chances of a successful completion.
Route Combinations and Concepts
Individual routes are powerful, but their true potential is unlocked through route combinations and offensive concepts. These coordinated patterns create conflicts for defenders, forcing them to make difficult choices and opening up opportunities for receivers.
Smash Concept
The smash concept typically involves a short hitch or curl route run by the inside receiver, combined with a corner route run by the outside receiver. The purpose of the smash concept is to put the cornerback in a bind, forcing them to choose between covering the short route or the deep route. If the cornerback bites on the short route, the quarterback can throw the corner route for a big gain. If the cornerback stays deep, the quarterback can throw the short route for an easy completion. Executing the smash concept requires precise timing and good communication between the quarterback and receivers.
Double Post Concept
The double post concept involves two receivers running post routes from opposite sides of the field. The aim of the double post concept is to attack the middle of the field and create confusion for the safeties. By having two receivers running similar routes, the defense is forced to make a decision on which receiver to cover, often leaving one receiver open for a big play. Running the double post concept requires good speed and agility from the receivers, as well as the ability to make a clean catch in traffic. The quarterback must also be able to read the defense quickly and make the right decision on which receiver to target.
Crossing Routes
Crossing routes involve receivers running routes that cross the field, typically from one side to the other. The main goal of crossing routes is to create traffic and confusion for the defense, as well as to provide receivers with open space to make a catch. Crossing routes are effective against both man and zone coverage, as they can create mismatches and open up opportunities for big gains. When executing crossing routes, receivers must be quick and agile, with the ability to navigate through traffic and make a clean catch in stride. Quarterbacks often use crossing routes as a reliable option when they need to move the chains or when they see an opening in the middle of the field.
The Importance of Route Running Technique
While knowing the routes is essential, the technique with which they are executed is what separates good receivers from great ones. Mastering route running involves several key elements.
Speed and Agility
Speed and agility are fundamental to effective route running. A receiver must be able to accelerate quickly, maintain top speed, and change direction smoothly and efficiently. Drills that focus on improving footwork, explosiveness, and overall athleticism are crucial for developing these skills. With great speed and agility, receivers can create separation from defenders, making it easier for the quarterback to deliver accurate passes.
Route Depth and Precision
The depth and precision of a route are critical for maintaining timing and spacing within the offense. Receivers must run their routes to the exact depth specified in the play call, ensuring that they arrive at the designated spot at the right time. To ensure route depth and precision, coaches often use landmarks on the field to help receivers visualize and execute their routes accurately. Consistently running routes with the correct depth and precision helps the quarterback anticipate the receiver's movements and deliver the ball on target.
Selling the Route
Selling the route involves using body language and deception to trick the defender and create separation. Receivers must be able to convincingly mimic the movements of other routes, making it difficult for the defender to anticipate their intentions. Effectively selling a route often involves subtle nuances, such as a head fake, a shoulder drop, or a change in stride. By mastering these techniques, receivers can gain a significant advantage over defenders and increase their chances of making a successful catch. — Yankees Vs. Rays: Key Matchups, Rivalry & AL East Impact
Catching the Football
Catching the football is, of course, the ultimate goal of any route. Receivers must have strong hands, excellent focus, and the ability to secure the catch in a variety of situations, including contested catches and catches in traffic. Consistent catching technique involves tracking the ball all the way into the hands, using soft hands to absorb the impact, and securing the ball quickly to avoid fumbles. Repetitive drills that focus on hand-eye coordination, concentration, and catching technique are essential for developing this skill.
Conclusion
Wide receiver routes are a complex and nuanced aspect of football, requiring a deep understanding of both the individual routes and how they fit into the larger offensive scheme. By mastering the fundamentals, exploring advanced concepts, and focusing on route running technique, receivers can elevate their game and become valuable assets to their team. Whether you are a player, coach, or fan, a thorough understanding of wide receiver routes will undoubtedly enhance your appreciation for the intricacies of the game.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What are the most common routes for wide receivers?
The most common routes include the go route (or fly), slant, out, in, and curl. These routes form the foundation of most passing plays and are essential for receivers to master. Each route serves a different purpose and is effective against various defensive coverages, making them versatile tools in an offense's arsenal. — Jack Nicholson: Lakers' Most Iconic Courtside Fan
How does a receiver know which route to run?
Receivers learn which route to run from the play call, either in the huddle or through signals from the sideline. The play call specifies the formation, the route each receiver should run, and any adjustments based on the defensive alignment. Proper communication and understanding of the playbook are crucial for executing the play correctly.
Why is route running technique so important?
Route running technique is critical because it allows receivers to create separation from defenders, making it easier for the quarterback to complete a pass. Good technique involves precise cuts, deceptive movements, and an understanding of how to exploit defensive weaknesses. Mastering these techniques can significantly improve a receiver's effectiveness and contribute to the overall success of the passing game.
What is the difference between an in route and an out route?
An in route involves the receiver running a certain number of yards downfield before making a sharp 90-degree cut towards the middle of the field, while an out route involves cutting towards the sideline. The in route targets the area between the linebackers and safeties, whereas the out route aims to create separation towards the sideline.
How can receivers improve their route running skills?
Receivers can improve their route running skills through consistent practice and focused drills. These drills should emphasize speed and agility, route depth and precision, selling the route, and catching the football. Working with coaches and studying film can also help receivers identify areas for improvement and refine their technique.
What role do quarterbacks play in the success of a wide receiver's route?
The quarterback's role is crucial, as they must read the defense, make quick decisions, and deliver accurate passes. The quarterback and receiver need to be in sync, with the quarterback anticipating the receiver's route and delivering the ball on time. Trust and communication between the quarterback and receiver are essential for a successful passing play.
What are some advanced route running techniques?
Advanced techniques include using head fakes and body language to deceive defenders, varying the speed and tempo of the route, and adjusting the route based on the defensive coverage. These techniques require a deep understanding of the game and the ability to read and react to different situations. Advanced route runners are able to adapt their routes to exploit defensive weaknesses and create opportunities for big plays.
How do route combinations help an offense?
Route combinations create conflicts for defenders by forcing them to cover multiple threats simultaneously. These combinations are designed to exploit specific defensive coverages and create openings for receivers. By coordinating their routes, receivers can create confusion and mismatches, making it more difficult for the defense to anticipate and react to the play. Effective route combinations are a key component of a successful passing offense.
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